Terms are easier to learn in context. This glossary connects addresses, gas, transaction hashes, EVM, Layer 2, DApps, approvals, PoS and validators to real wallet tasks.
An address is a public account identifier; a private key signs account actions; a seed phrase typically restores a set of accounts. Public addresses are not control secrets.
Do not rely on a button label or a familiar-looking page as the reason to continue. Compare the request with the on-chain target, network state and expected result, and stop when those pieces do not line up.
Gas represents network execution cost, blocks contain confirmed network data, and a transaction hash is the index used to look up a specific transaction’s public status.
A common mistake is to treat a normal-looking interface as proof that the underlying blockchain action is correct. Public addresses, transaction hashes, contract addresses and network parameters provide independent ways to verify what is happening.
The EVM is a smart-contract execution environment; contracts are programs deployed on-chain; approvals let a specified contract act within an allowance. They often appear together in DApp workflows.
A repeatable order of checks is more reliable than memory. Review source, network, account, target and expected outcome each time so the same safety logic carries across wallets and DApps.
Layer 2 adds scaling architecture around mainnet; PoS uses staked value in consensus; validators perform network duties and can face changing rewards and penalties.
When a task involves a third-party contract, bridge, validator or web service, separate that external risk from the wallet itself. A wallet can display and sign a request, but it cannot guarantee the safety of outside code or services.
Seed phrases and private keys remain under the user’s control. Legitimate support should not ask for a seed phrase, private key or verification code. Review address, network and amount before transferring; blockchain transactions generally cannot be unilaterally reversed by a wallet. Third-party DApps and smart contracts carry risk, so review spender and permission scope and consider revoking unused approvals.